TEAM WORK

Team work is very important thing to make success of one project. Team work will need one leader to arrange the job, distribute command and make the decision. If the rule do not run, the project will be reject. For 18 month in malaysia, i've got many problem about team, many difference rule within batam and malaysia in this case.

in this term i try to share what i think about organization for one contractor. maybe i need critic for.

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Stucture for ship building

In this page i will show some structure of a ship, like a support vessel, cargo, barge, and tanker.

Nowadays, ship built by steel. Steel for construction purposes is usually mild steel.

There are some items that should be consider to build a ship, they are about size and type of a ship, material, material equipment, machining material, unit size and weight to be fabricated and erected.

A support vessel usually use semen tank in it's structure, so engineering will prepare the type of blog assembly for this ship.

Usually ship will build with frames as skeleton of the ship.

also we can see a double bottom. The space in between the two bottom is often used as storage tanks for fuel and ballast water.

Bulkhead (bhd) in ship serve several purpose, first increase the structural rigidity
of the vessel, second they divide functional areas in to room and create water tight compartments that can contain water in the case of a hull breanch or other leak.

Some bulkhead and decks are fire resistance rated to achieve compartmentalisation , a passive fire protection measure.

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Material Needed to Build a Ship

Here are materials that you can find in shipyard to build aship, They are:

1. Plate.
Steel Plates divide to few thickness. from 4mm, 6mm, 8mm, 9mm, 9.5mm, 10 mm, until more. even more, there is plate 150mm thickness. There is Stainless still plate also.
Generally dimension of plate is 30' x 8' or 9144mm x 2440mm.



2. Angle Bar.
It is a 90 degree bar made from steel or others. the angle bar seem like L. It use to make frame in ship or a strong bar. Usually in drawing it is called as stiffener.



3. Round bar
Usually it is 6 M in lenght.

4. Flat bar.
Usually it is 6 M in lenght. many kind of thickness.



5. H-Beam.
H-Beam is the Steel beam seem like letter 'H'.


6. Pipe
Usually is 6 M lenght

7. Bulb Plate
.


This material you will always see and need to build a ship and you have to know them well if you want to work in shipyard.

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LINES PLAN

Lines plan is the base shape of the new ship that will be built. Generally the lines plan showing in three views. They are body lines, profile lines as buttock lines and plan view lines as water lines. To translate the lines plan into mould surface , we need a base line and center line.

From center line , the line will developed to buttock lines that slice the ship from bow to stern. Buttock lines are shown in profile line. Line spacing usually 500 mm or 0,5 m. For support vessel it usually divide to 16 lines, from center line to 8 meters. But it depend on ships type.

From base line , they will develop to water lines that slice ships from left to right side of the ship. we can show them in the plan view of line.

Lines plan drawing must be follow with Offset table that contain all points of the lines.
They arranged by x,y,z axis. The engineering must prepare this offset table before give drawing to lofter or marker.

One thing that we have to remember is lines plan
prepared for half ship. Efficient for time and location of lofting shop.

Marking the lines plan, we have to give more attention for shape of the lines. Sometimes point in offset table are not fix and smooth. An important thing that we have to remember is the shape of lines must. They must be ensure to be fair. Fairness does not have a mathematical definition, but can include smoothness, continuity of curvature. Fairness must often be ensured in 3 dimensions. Maybe it took for a few times to check just for one frame line, water line or buttock lines.

For this moment that is all that i can show to all my visitors. I hope this posting can give satisfaction to you who want to now about lines plan. Maybe i will prepare the subject about lines plan in the next posting.

especially to my senior that have read my posting and explanation about lines plan, with sincerity could give critic and advise that can give advantage for us as a Lofter.

For attention i said thanks

We need the patience to be a marker or lofter, cause it will took along time to build a ship. Sometime we are in standby time, sometime we will busy to finish some job. You know that sleepy is our real enemy, need some fresh mind, fresh stamina to this job. Some marker or lofter will addicted with coffee and cigarette, like me.


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SHIPYARD TERMINOLOGY

For a new worker in shipyard will find many terminology that maybe new for him. In this posting i would like to tell you about terminology you will find in shipyard.

1. Aft ==> Toward, at, or near stern
2. After Peak ==> ThePart in the narrow of the stern, aft of the last water-tight bulkhead.
3. Forward ==> Near, at, or toward, the bow of the ship
4. Port ==> Harbor; or opening in the side of a ship. The left hand side of a ship ( looking toward the bow.) Originally called larboard.
5. Starboard ==> The right hand side of a ship, looking forward
6. Bottom ==> The lowest part of ship.
7. Deck ==> A part of a ship corresponding to the floor of a building
8. Bulkhead ==> A vertical partition corresponding to the wall of a room, extending either athwart ships or fore and aft. A steel partition in a ship.
9. Frames ==> Ribs forming the skeleton of a ship
10. Web ==> Portion of a beam, the athwart ship portion of a frame, etc.
11. Girder ==> Fore and aft stiffening member for deck or bottom shell
12. Transom ==> The main frame at the rudder stock (cant frames usually radiate from the transom frame). The very last (most aft) plate on a welded vessel.
13. Tank Top ==> The plating over the double bottom
14. Strong Back ==> A supporting girder for a hatch cover; a rig used in straightening bent plates; a bar for locking cargo ports
15. Stringer ==> A fore and aft member used to give longitudinal strength. Depending on location, these are called hold stringers, bilge stringers,side stringers, etc.
16. Stiffener ==> An angle bar, T-bar, channel, etc., used to stiffen plating of a bulkhead or other member.
17. Stern ==> The after or back end of a vessel
18. Staging ==> Planks or scaffolding on which to stand when working on sides or under decks.
19. Bevel ==> The angle between the flanges of a frame or other member.(When greater than a right angle, open bevel; when less, closed.) Also,to chamfer.
20. Bilge==> A fore and aft member fitted to the outside of the shell plating along the bilge, to prevent excessive rolling of the ship.
21. Bow ==> The forward end of a vessel. (Usually the pointed end.)
22. Bracket ==> A triangular plate used to connect rigidly two or more parts, such as a deck beam to a frame, a frame to a margin plate, etc.
23. Bulwark ==> The ship's side above the weather deck.
24. Chain Locker ==> A compartment in the forward portion of ship in which anchor chain is stowed.
25. Collar ==> A flanged band or ring. A welded plate used to close a frame or beam penetration through plating.
26. Deck-House ==> A shelter built on deck.
27. Double bottom ==> Compartments at bottom of ship between inner and outer bottoms, used for ballast tanks, water, fuel,oil, etc.
28. Flange ==> A part of a plate or shape at, or nearly at, right angles to main port; to bend over to form an angle.
29. Gangway ==> A passageway, a ladder, or other means of boarding a ship.
30. Hull ==> The body of a ship, including shell plating, framing, decks,bulkheads.
31. Keel==> The principal fore and aft member of a ship's frame. The keel runs along the bottom, connecting the stem and stern, and to it are attached the frames of the ship.
32. Lap==> A joint in which one part overlaps the other, thus avoiding the use of a butt strap; also, the amount of overlap.
33. Longitudinal ==> A shell, deck, or bulkhead stiffener running fore and aft.
34. Manhole ==> A hole cut in a bulkhead, tank top, etc., to allow the passage of a man.
35. Mold Loft ==> A shed or building with large, smooth floor on which the lines of a ship can be drawn to full scale.
36. Mould or Mold ==> A light pattern of a part of a ship usually made of thin wood or paper. Also called a template.
37. Pillar ==> A vertical member or column which provides support to a deck girder. (Also termed a stanchion.).
38. Loftsman ==> workman in the mold loft, who lays down ship lines and makes templates.
39. Sea Chest ==> A compartment through which sea water is admitted or discharged.
40. Seam ==> A riveted or welded plate edge connection. A riveted seam overlaps; welded seam may or may not overlap
41. Template ==> A mold or pattern. Sometimes made of plywood or paper.
42. Shell Expansion ==> A plan showing details of all shell plating and shell longitudinals. (Longitudinals would appear only on tankers)
43. Welding ==> Fusing together two or more members with electric arc or by other means.
44. Wheel ==> Nickname for propeller; steering gear control.
45. Winch ==> A small hoisting device; used in pulling lines or cables in handling cargo. Can be hand, air motor, electric, steam, engine, etc...powered
46. Sheer ==> Curvature of deck in a fore and aft direction as seen in profile.
47. Seam ==> A riveted or welded plate edge connection. A riveted seam overlaps; welded seam may or may not overlap.
48. Hatch ==> An opening in a deck for passage of cargo, etc
49. Floor ==>The lower portion of a transverse frame, usually a vertical plate extending from center line to bilge, and from inner to outer bottom.
50. Forecastle ==>The forward upper portion of the hull, sometimes used for the crew's quarters.
51. Launching ==>The operation of placing a hull in the water by allowing it to slide down on greased skids, called launching ways.

    
    

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